Updated for 2026 Syllabus Detailed Explanations High-Yield Core Concepts

Bank Promotion Exam Guide

Banking Awareness | Banking Knowledge | for all Bank Exams

Module: General Practice

Q110: In the context of banking credit facilities, which of the following clearly distinguishes a "Fund-Based" limit from a "Non-Fund Based" limit?

A
Fund-based limits involve an immediate outflow of cash from the bank; Non-fund based limits involve a contingent liability where the bank promises to pay on behalf of the borrower.
B
Fund-based limits are only for long-term loans; Non-fund based limits are only for working capital.
C
Fund-based limits do not require collateral; Non-fund based limits always require a 100% cash margin.
D
Fund-based limits appear off-balance sheet; Non-fund based limits appear on the asset side of the balance sheet.
✅ Correct Answer: A
Fund-Based Limits: These involve an actual, immediate transfer of funds (cash outflow) from the bank to the borrower.
Examples include Term Loans, Cash Credit (CC), Overdrafts (OD), and Bill Discounting.
These appear on the Asset side of the bank's balance sheet.
Non-Fund Based (NFB) Limits: These do not involve an immediate outflow of funds.
Instead, the bank undertakes a Contingent Liability—a promise to pay a third party if the borrower fails to fulfill a contractual obligation.
Examples include Letters of Credit (LC) and Bank Guarantees (BG). If the borrower defaults, the NFB limit converts into a fund-based liability.
These items appear in the "Contingent Liabilities" section (Notes to Accounts), not the main balance sheet assets, until crystallized.