Updated for 2026 Syllabus Detailed Explanations High-Yield Core Concepts

Bank Promotion Exam Guide

Banking Awareness | Banking Knowledge | for all Bank Exams

Module: General Practice

Q180: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of "Quasi-Equity" (or Hybrid Capital) instruments often used in SME financing?

A
They may include a moratorium on repayments during the initial years.
B
They are strictly secured by a first charge on the fixed assets, superior to senior debt.
C
They often combine elements of debt (interest) and equity (upside sharing).
D
They are typically subordinate to senior lenders in the event of liquidation.
✅ Correct Answer: B
Quasi-Equity sits between debt and equity in the capital structure.
Option B is the exception because Quasi-equity is unsecured or subordinate.
It does not hold a "First Charge" superior to senior debt.
In the event of liquidation, senior lenders (banks) are paid first, and quasi-equity holders are paid second.
The purpose of this instrument is to allow SMEs to raise funds without diluting ownership immediately (like equity) while offering flexible repayment terms (unlike rigid bank loans). Examples include Convertible Debentures and Mezzanine Debt.